ĐẶC ĐIỂM DỊCH TỄ HỌC CỦA TẬT KHÚC XẠ Ở HỌC SINH TIỂU HỌC VÀ TRUNG HỌC CƠ SỞ TẠI THÀNH PHỐ HÀ NỘI

Abstract

Aims: To determine the epidemiological characteristics of refractive errors in primary and secondary school students in Hanoi. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 2399 students at 2 primary schools and 2 secondary schools in Hanoi. Results: The average age of the study group was 11.11 ± 2.33, of which 53.4% were males and 46.6% were females. The general incidence of refractive errors of students in these groups was 51.0%. The proportion of myopia (nearsightedness) was highest at 37.5%, whereas the figures for hyperopia (farsightedness) and astigmatism were lower, at 8.2% and 5.3%, respectively. Myopia had tendancy to increase from 33.9% in the primary pupil to 41.0% in the secondary pupil, while a decreased trend of hyperopia was witnessed in the primary pupil (11.4%) to 4.9% in the secondary pupil. Myopia was classified into mild, moderate and severe levels accounting for 61.7%, 32.3%, 6.0%, respectively. Similarly, mild, moderate and severe hyperopia constituted for 87.0%; 9.5% and 3.4%, and the figures for mild, moderate, severe and very severe astigmatism were 25.4%; 47.2%; 14.5% and 12.9%. Conclusion: the proportion of refractive errors in primary school and secondary school students was 51.0%. Nearsightedness accounted for the highest which tended to climb gradually with education level in contrast to hyperopia with a dropping trend, and the proportion of mild refractive errors was highest out of 3 types.