NHẬN XÉT MỘT SỐ NGUYÊN NHÂN GÂY PHÙ THAI VÀ PHÙ THAI RAU TẠI BỆNH VIỆN PHỤ SẢN TRUNG ƯƠNG

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the causes of hydrops fetalis at the National Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology (NHOG) from 2022 to 2023. Subjects and methods: This descriptive study involved 139 cases diagnosed with hydrops fetalis at the NHOG from January 2022 to December 2023. Results: The average age of the study group was 28 years. The prevalence of a history of previous pregnancies affected by Hydrops Fetalis was 10.1%. The mean gestational age at diagnosis was 24 weeks, with 23.7% of cases diagnosed before 20 weeks and 76.3% diagnosed at or after 20 weeks. The etiology was identified in 85.6% of cases, with 26.9% determined by ultrasound and 73.1% through laboratory tests. Among identified causes, immune-hydrop fetalis accounted for 0.7%; nonimmune-hydrop fetalis (NIHF) included hematologic disorders (alpha-thalassemia) at 59.7%, thoracic congenital anomalies at 7.9%, lymphatic abnormalities (cystic hygroma) at 7.2%, cardiovascular disorders at 5.1%, chromosomal abnormalities/syndromes at 2.2%, gastrointestinal disorders at 1.4%, urinary/renal disorders at 0.7%, and neurologic/musculoskeletal disorders at 0.7%. The cause remained undetermined in 14.4% of cases. Conclusion: Most Hydrops Fetalis cases were detected after 20 weeks of gestation. Most diagnoses were made through a combination of morphological ultrasound and laboratory tests, including amniocentesis for chromosomal analysis. The predominant causes were NIHF such as α-thalassemia, thoracic abnormalities, and cystic hygroma.