KHẢO SÁT ĐẶC ĐIỂM BỆNH VÕNG MẠC ĐÁI THÁO ĐƯỜNG GIAI ĐOẠN TĂNG SINH TẠI BỆNH VIỆN LÊ VĂN THỊNH

Abstract

Objectives: Describe the characteristics of proliferative diabetic retinopathy in Le Van Thinh Hospital. Methods: The cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 32 patients with type 2 diabetes from December 2023 to August 2024. Results: The mean age is 59,69 ± 10,61 years. The mean duration of diabetes mellitus diagnosis is 7,15 ± 4,84 years (2 – 20 years).  The proportion of patients checking blood sugar monthly in diabetes treatment is 93,8%, and irregular is 6,3%. The mean blood glucose level (HbA1C) is 7,55 ± 1,72% (5,3% to 13,2%). The mean number of years diagnosed with diabetic retinopathy is 3,62 ± 1,60 years (1 to 8 years). The mean logMAR visual acuity (VA) is 0,74 ± 0,68 (Snellen equivalent 6/30). The proportion of patients with good VA > 7/10 (20/30) is 12,5%, the moderate low VA group 4/10 - 7/10 (20/50 - 20/30) is 31,3%, and low VA group ≥ 3m – 3/10 (20/70) accounts for the highest proportion with 37,5%, near-blind group: counting finger (CF) < 3m is 18,8%. The rate of macular edema is 79,17% (38/48 eyes). The mean central macular thickness (CMT) is 326,44 ± 99,73 µm. The mean macular volume is 7,91 ± 1,56 mm³. The mean foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area is 0,281 ± 0,09 mm². Vascular density (VD) in the superficial capillary plexus (SCP) in the parafovea area has the highest mean value (41,01 ± 5,17%), and the foveal area has the lowest value (14,88 ± 3,94%). There is no significant association between visual acuity and central macular thickness, macular volume, foveal avascular area, and superficial layer vascular density (p > 0,05). Conclusion: Proliferative diabetic retinopathy seriously affects the vision of diabetic patients.