TÌNH HÌNH KHÁNG KHÁNG SINH CỦA CÁC CHỦNG ESCHERICHIA COLI GÂY NHIỄM KHUẨN HUYẾT PHÂN LẬP ĐƯỢC TẠI BỆNH VIỆN ĐA KHOA TỈNH BẮC NINH NĂM 2023

Abstract

Background: Septicemia is a severe acute infection that can lead to multiple organ failure and death. Escherichia coli (E. coli) is currently the leading cause of septicemia; however, treatment is becoming increasingly challenging due to rising antibiotic resistance, particularly in extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing and carbapenem-resistant strains. Methods: This cross-sectional study analyzed medical records to assess the antibiotic susceptibility of E. coli strains isolated from bacteremia cases at Bac Ninh General Hospital in 2023. Results: Among 2,308 blood culture samples, E. coli was isolated in 79 cases (3.4%). The distribution was nearly equal between male (50.6%) and female (49.4%) patients, with the highest prevalence observed in individuals aged ≥60 years (73.4%). The majority of isolates were recovered from the Internal Medicine Department (63.3%), while the lowest proportion was found in the Infectious Diseases Department (8.9%). Of the 63 isolates tested for antimicrobial susceptibility, 18 (28.6%) were ESBL producers. High resistance rates were observed for ticarcillin-clavulanate (73.0%), cefixime (71.0%), and ciprofloxacin (69.4%). Carbapenems demonstrated the highest efficacy, with susceptibility rates of 90.9% for imipenem and 96.6% for meropenem. Amikacin (68.3%) and chloramphenicol (76.2%) also exhibited substantial activity against E. coli isolates. Conclusion: E. coli strains causing bacteremia at Bac Ninh province General Hospital exhibit high levels of antibiotic resistance. Carbapenems remain effective treatment options; however, stringent antimicrobial stewardship is essential to curb the spread of resistant strains.