XÁC ĐỊNH TỶ LỆ SINH ESBL, AMPC CỦA ESCHERICHIA COLI, KLEBSIELLA PNEUMONIAE VÀ PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA TẠI BỆNH VIỆN ĐA KHOA TỈNH TRÀ VINH, 2022-2023

Abstract

Background: Infections cause by the the Gram - negative bacilli sush as Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae và Pseudomonas aeruginosa are increasing globally, esspecially the extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing strains (ESBL) and AmpC β-lactamases (AmpC) that have caused treatment concerns. Objective: To determine the prevalence of ESBL, as well as to indentify some ESBL- coding genes of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa at Tra Vinh General Hospital from December 2022 to July 2023. Materials and methods: This cross- sectional descriptive study included 198 isolated were analyzed for their ability to produce ESBL, AmpC. Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were identified and phenotypically characterized for ESBL production. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed using the Vitek 2 system. AmpC β-lactamase production testing method using disc diffusion on MHA agar with antibiotic discs: Antibiotic discs: Cefoxitin 30mcg, Ceftazidime 30mcg. ESBL-producing isolates were subjected to PCR for ESBL-encoding genes. Results: The rate of ESBL production in E. coli was 54.8%, while in K. pneumoniae it was 21.9%. The AmpC birth rates of P. aeruginosa, K. pneumoniae, E. coli were 36.7%, 6.3% and 4.8%, respectively. Survey of ESBL encoding genes on research strains showed that: E. coli had a 100% presence of the blaTEM gene, 87.7% for blaSHV, and 33.3% for blaCTX-M; In K. pneumoniae presence of blaTEM and blaSHV 100%; and blaCTX-M was 21.4%. Conclusion: Continuous molecular epidemiological surveillance is essential to detect antibiotic resistance mutations early and to develop appropriate antibiotic use strategies in Vietnam.