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INVESTIGATION OF HIV-1 SUBTYPES DISTRIBUTION IN SOUTHEAST ASIA AND VIETNAM USING THE LOS ALAMOS DATABASE Background: Due to the heterogeneous and evolving nature of HIV, treatment, prevention, and vaccine development require an up-to-date understanding of
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Abstract
Background: Due to the heterogeneous and evolving nature of HIV, treatment, prevention, and vaccine development require an up-to-date understanding of the distribution of HIV subtypes in populations. Previous studies have not analyzed the distribution of HIV-1 subtypes specifically in Vietnam and Southeast Asia. Methods: This study was conducted by analyzing data from HIV-1 infected patients using the HIV sequence database from the Los Alamos National Laboratory. Data were selected based on specific criteria, and the distribution of HIV-1 subtypes in Southeast Asia and Vietnam was analyzed. Results: Analysis of 6.603 datasets from Southeast Asia showed that CRF01_AE accounted for the highest proportion (5.679/6.603 – 86%), followed by subtype B (426/6.603 – 6,5%) and CRF33_01B (98/6.603 – 1,5%). Subtype CRF33_01B was only found in Malaysia (98%) and Indonesia (2%). In Vietnam, CRF01_AE consistently accounted for over 97% across different time periods. Between 2012 and 2021, new CRF subtypes emerged: CRF07_BC (0,1%), CRF109_0107 (0,4%), and CRF127_07109 (0,4%). Conclusion: This study highlights the diversity and dynamic trends of HIV-1 across Southeast Asia and Vietnam. While CRF01_AE remains the predominant subtype, certain countries exhibit the presence and prevalence of other CRF strains. Therefore, continued epidemiological surveillance of HIV-1 is crucial for the design, testing, and implementation of preventive vaccines.
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Keywords
HIV, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Southeast Asia, Vietnam
References
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