NỒNG ĐỘ INTERLEUKIN-18, INTERLEUKIN-22 Ở CÁC BỆNH NHÂN HỘI CHỨNG STEVENS-JOHNSON, HOẠI TỬ THƯỢNG BÌ NHIỄM ĐỘC

Abstract

Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS) and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN) are severe mucocutaneous disorders characterized by keratinocyte necrosis and epidermal detachment. Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is predominantly produced by keratinocytes and plays a role in the inflammatory response. Interleukin-22 (IL-22) is secreted by Th17 cells and primarily acts on epithelial cells. This cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate the role of IL-18 and IL-22 in patients with SJS/TEN. Serum levels of IL-18 and IL-22 in SJS/TEN patients and healthy individuals were measured using a fluorescence covalent  microbead  immunosorbent  assay. The study included 22 SJS patients, 39 TEN patients, and 18 healthy individuals. The results showed that IL-18 levels in the TEN group had a median of 2.997 pg/ml (interquartile range: 1.957 - 5.171 pg/ml), which was higher than that in the SJS group (median 1.957 pg/ml, interquartile range: 1.831 - 3.266 pg/ml) (p=0.042). IL-18 levels in the TEN group were also higher than those in the healthy group (median 1.957 pg/ml, interquartile range: 0.965 - 2.997 pg/ml) (p=0.007). IL-18 levels correlated with the affected body surface area in SJS/TEN patients, with r=0.326 (p=0.010). Additionally, IL-18 and IL-22 levels were correlated in TEN patients, with r=0.375 (p=0.019). These findings suggest that IL-18 may play a role in the pathogenesis of SJS/TEN, particularly in TEN.