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APPLICATION OF FLOW CYTOMETRY TECHNOLOGY IN DIAGNOSIS AND CLASSIFICATION OF ACUTE LEUKEMIA AT CAN THO HEMATOLOGY BLOOD TRANSFUSION HOSPITAL
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Abstract
Background: Flow cytometry was use to analyze cellular immunophenotyping marker can accurately determine the lineages and sub-lineages of acute leukemia, minimizing diagnostic errors based on morphology. Objectives: To determine of lineages and sub-lineages of acute leukemia using flow cytometry. Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study on 270 patients diagnosed acute leukemia at Can Tho Hematology and Blood Transfusion Hospital. Results: Adult patients represented the highest proportion (80.7%), predominantly diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), while children made up the lowest proportion (19.3%), mostly presenting with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).Acute leukemia was classified into three lineages: AML for 69.3%, ALL for 30.3%, and no cases of mixed-phenotype acute leukemia were identified. Among the ALL cases, B-cell lineage was more common than T-cell lineage (86.7% vs. 13.3%). The most frequent subtype within B-ALL was common B-cell (55.5%), while in T- ALL, common T and early T subtypes were most prevalent (36.4%). In the AML group, the most common subtypes were M2 (38%), M1 (22.5%), and M4/M5 (18.7%). Conclusions: Flow cytometry was applied to analyze immunophenotypic markers in patients with acute leukemia, primarily of myeloid lineage (69.3%), no cases of mixed phenotype acute leukemia were recorded and specific sublineage classification was feasible.
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Keywords
Immunophenotyping markers, acute leukemia, flow cytometry
References
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