RỐI LOẠN ĐÔNG MÁU Ở BỆNH NHÂN ĐỒNG MẮC UNG THƯ TẠNG VÀ BỆNH MÁU ÁC TÍNH

Abstract

Objectives: To characterize some coagulation indices in patients with co-occurring solid tumors and hematologic malignancies at the National Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion in 2020-2023. Methods and materials: cross-sectional description, retrospective, 63 patients diagnosed with co-occurring solid tumors and hematologic malignancies at the National Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion in 2020-2023. Results: Acute leukemia was the most common hematologic malignancy, found in 40 out of 63 patients (63.5%). Thyroid cancer was the most frequent solid tumor, reported in 17 cases (27.0%) across nearly all hematologic cancer groups. At diagnosis, 98.4% of patients had abnormalities in at least one coagulation incidices. Coagulopathy included hypercoagulability, hypocoagulability, and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Elevated D-dimer levels were observed in 87.3% of patients (median: 1442 μg/ml), and 50.8% had increased fibrinogen levels, which were present across 5 out of 6 malignant hematologic disease groups. Thrombocytopenia was observed in 57.2% of patients. DIC was recorded in 10 patients (15.9%), all of whom were diagnosed with acute leukemia. Conclusion: Patients with co-occurring solid tumors and hematologic malignancies had a high rate of coagulopathy, showing both hyper- and hypocoagulable states. DIC occurred exclusively in acute leukemia, highlighting the need to screen for hematologic cancers when coagulation abnormalities are found in solid tumor patients.