ĐẶC ĐIỂM BỆNH LAO TRẺ EM ĐIỀU TRỊ TẠI KHOA NHI – BỆNH VIỆN PHỔI TRUNG ƯƠNG

Abstract

Objective: To describe the characteristics of the pediatric tuberculosis model treated at the Pediatrics Department - National Lung Hospital in 2017 and 2018. Research methodology: A cross-sectional descriptive study. Results: The study included 407 pediatric patients, the most common age group was under 5 years old (45.5%) and 36.1% of the patient had a history of exposure to sources of pulmonary tuberculosis; the time to detect the disease was usually 2-4 weeks (31.5%). In pediatric tuberculosis, pulmonary tuberculosis accounted for the majority (65.6%) and the rate of diagnosis with bacterial evidence accounted for 37.8% (pulmonary tuberculosis was 42.7% and extrapulmonary tuberculosis was 28.6%). Childhood tuberculosis was mainly the tuberculosis of one organ (72.7%) (of which pulmonary tuberculosis accounted for 55.1%); The tuberculosis in two organs accounted for 23.1%; tuberculosis in three organs was 3.9% and there was 01 child with tuberculosis in 04 organs. For pulmonary tuberculosis, bacterial evidence was detected from gastric fluid specimens accounted for 20.6%, followed by sputum specimens (8.6%). For children's pulmonary tuberculosis in both groups of with and without bacterial evidence, the pair of clinical symptom and diagnostic imaging was most common (63.7%). And for extrapulmonary tuberculosis, the most common pair was clinical symptom and subclinical (84.3%). These pairs of factors were valuable in clinical practice in making decisions to diagnose children's tuberculosis when no bacterial evidence was found.