TÌNH TRẠNG ĐỘT BIẾN GEN KRAS VÀ MẤT ỔN ĐỊNH VI VỆ TINH TRONG UNG THƯ ĐẠI TRỰC TRÀNG

Abstract

Colorectal cancer with microsatellite instability (MSI) status is associated with better prognosis. In addition, determining the KRAS gene mutation status is important in the targeted treatment of CRC with EGFR-inhibiting monoclonal antibodies. Objective: To evaluate the relationship between KRAS gene mutations with Microsatellite instability (MSI) and histopathological characteristics. Patients and methods: 185 patients were diagnosed as colorectal adenocarcinoma, who had surgery from 2018 to 2022. Evaluation of MSI status by immuohistochemial staining. KRAS mutation status was determined by realtime PCR with system Cobas Z480. Descriptive cross-sectional study method. Results: MSI rate accounting for 9,7%, age under 50 is common in the MSI group (55,6%), right colon location has a high rate of 66,7%, mucinous phenotyp accounting for 38,9%, poor differentiation accounting for 55,6% and tumor infiltrating lymphocytes accounting for 61,1% are more common features in the MSI group than the Microsatellite stability (MSS) group. The rate of KRAS mutation was 40.5%. The rate of KRAS wildtype/MSI and KRAS mutation/MSSI were 55,6% and 44,4% respectively, with p>0.05. Conclusion: Colorectal cancer with MSI status has distinctive clinicopathologic features, such as young patients under 50, proximal colon, mucinous phenotypes, poor differentiation and tumor infiltrating lymphocytes. The rate of KRAS mutations is 40.5%, no relationship between KRAS gene mutation and MSI status is seen.