CURRENT STATUS OF ANTIBIOTIC USE AMONG INPATIENTS AT BEN CAT CITY MEDICAL CENTER IN 2024

Trang Đỗ Văn, Trâm Đỗ Hà Ngọc, Phương Đỗ Hà, Cảnh Nguyễn Đức, Thuận Nguyễn Thanh

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Abstract

Objective: To assess the current status of antibiotic use among inpatients at Ben Cat City Medical Center in 2024. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 622 randomly selected inpatient medical records from the year 2024. Among these, 316 records (50.8%) involved the use of at least one antibiotic and were included for analysis. Results: Female patients accounted for 53.8% and males 46.2% (P = 0.196). The study population was divided into two age groups: children (<18 years, n = 86) and adults (≥18 years, n = 230). There was a statistically significant difference in the distribution of infectious diseases between the two groups (P = 0.001). Respiratory tract infections were the most common (60.4%), followed by gastrointestinal infections (13.6%). Empirical monotherapy was the predominant approach (77.8%), with beta-lactam antibiotics being the most commonly used group (83.7%), especially in respiratory infections. The initial choice of monotherapy varied significantly according to the type of infection (P = 0.001). No statistically significant association was found between antibiotic selection and comorbidities (P = 0.115). However, three cases of acute renal failure were not appropriately dose-adjusted. There were 99 cases of combination antibiotic therapy, mainly involving beta-lactams with macrolides or quinolones, particularly in respiratory and gastrointestinal infections. A small number of patients received triple antibiotic combinations. The average duration of antibiotic use was 5.7 ± 3 days; the longest duration was observed in respiratory infections (6.4 ± 3.2 days, P = 0.001). Clinical outcomes showed that 82.3% of patients recovered or showed symptom improvement, 6.3% were transferred to higher-level care, and no deaths were recorded. The highest transfer rate was observed in gastrointestinal infection cases (11.6%). In addition, six cases were identified in which ceftriaxone was administered concurrently with Ringer’s lactate solution—an interaction not recommended due to the risk of calcium precipitation, especially in children and the elderly. Conclusion: The initial selection of antibiotics was generally appropriate in relation to clinical indications and treatment guidelines. However, issues remain, including lack of dose adjustment in patients with renal impairment and potentially harmful drug combinations, highlighting the need for improved prescribing practices and monitoring.

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