ĐÁNH GIÁ KẾT QUẢ PHẪU THUẬT MỞ SỌ GIẢI ÁP ĐIỀU TRỊ MÁU TỤ NGOÀI MÀNG CỨNG Ở BỆNH NHÂN CHẤN THƯƠNG SỌ NÃO NẶNG

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the outcomes of decompressive craniectomy in the treatment of epidural hematoma in patients with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI), and to analyze the relationship between preoperative Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores, timing to surgery and treatment outcomes. Methods: A cross-sectional study combining retrospective and prospective data collection. Data were obtained from patients treated between January 2023 and May 2024 at the 103 Military Hospital. Surgical outcomes were assessed six months post-operation. Results: Patient ages ranged from 14 to 69 years, with a mean age of 33.2 ± 16.4. Males accounted for 91.2% of the sample. The mean preoperative GCS was 6.7, and the postoperative GCS mean was 11.2. Patients with a GCS of 4–5 had significantly poor outcomes (p < 0.001). Most patients (24 out of 34) underwent surgery within 3–12 hours after trauma. The timing of surgery was significantly associated with surgery outcomes (p = 0.02). Conclusion: Acute epidural hematoma resulting from trauma must be detected early. Decompressive craniectomy surgery brings about good outcome for patients with severe traumatic brain injury and epidural hematoma.