THỰC TRẠNG KIẾN THỨC, THÁI ĐỘ, THỰC HÀNH CỦA BÀ MẸ CÓ CON GÁI TRONG ĐỘ TUỔI 9 – 26 VỀ VI RÚT HPV VÀ TIÊM VACCIN HPV PHÒNG UNG THƯ CỔ TỬ CUNG TẠI MỘT SỐ XÃ, PHƯỜNG CỦA TỈNH NAM ĐỊNH

Abstract

Problem Statement: Cervical cancer (CC) ranks among the most prevalent cancers affecting women and is a leading cause of cancer mortality in numerous developing nations. The human papillomavirus (HPV) is the primary risk factor associated with this disease; however, access to HPV vaccination in Vietnam, particularly at the community level, remains insufficient. This study aims to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of mothers with daughters aged 9 to 26 years concerning the HPV virus and HPV vaccination in various communes and wards in 2024. Method: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted involving 384 mothers with daughters within the specified age group across four communes and wards. Data collection was executed using structured questionnaires, with subsequent analysis conducted using SPSS Version 20.0 software. Results: The findings indicate that 78.1% of mothers acknowledged that cervical cancer prevention is achievable through HPV vaccination, 72.9% recognized HPV as a risk factor for cervical cancer, and 62.5% understood that having multiple sexual partners elevates the risk of HPV infection. Nevertheless, only 26.8% of mothers had administered the HPV vaccine to their daughters. Furthermore, 51.6% of participants had sought information about the vaccine, yet merely 24.7% actively disseminated knowledge to others. Statistical analysis revealed that mothers possessing adequate knowledge regarding HPV exhibited a significantly higher rate of vaccination for their daughters (40.1% vs. 8.6%, p<0.001). Conclusion: Although a majority of mothers displayed a satisfactory level of awareness concerning HPV and cervical cancer, the actual vaccination rates among their daughters remain low. Therefore, it is imperative to enhance communication, education, and vaccination promotion strategies to improve the community's cervical cancer prevention efforts.