TỶ LỆ SUY DINH DƯỠNG VÀ CÁC YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN Ở BỆNH NHÂN CAO TUỔI ĐIỀU TRỊ NGOẠI TRÚ

Abstract

Background: Malnutrition is a common health issue among older adults, particularly in low- and middle- income countries, contributing to increased healthcare burdens and medical costs. However, this condition remains under-recognized and often lacks timely and appropriate interventions in Vietnam. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of malnutrition and identify associated factors among elderly outpatients aged 60 years and above at the Geriatrics Outpatient Clinic - University Medical Center Ho Chi Minh City. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among individuals aged ≥ 60 years undergoing health examinations at the Geriatrics Outpatient Clinic, University Medical Center Ho Chi Minh City, from October 2024 to March 2025. Nutritional status was assessed using MNA-SF, classifying participants as malnourished (≤ 7 points), at risk of malnutrition (8 to 11 points) and normal nutritional status (≥ 12 points). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was utilized to evaluate factors independently associated with poor nutritional status. Results: The study included 322 participants, with a mean age of 69,6 years (60 - 103 years). The prevalence of malnutrition and risk of malnutrition according to MNA-SF were 11,5% (n = 37) and 38,1% (n = 123), respectively. Multivariate logistic regression identified two factors significantly associated with poor nutritional status: depression assessed by GDS-15 (OR = 13,78; 95% Cl: 7,38 - 25,73; p < 0,001) and gastritis (OR = 2,01; 95% Cl: 1,02 - 3,97; p = 0,044). Conclusions: The prevalence of malnutrition and risk of malnutrition based on MNA-SF were 11,5% and 38,1%, respectively. Depression and gastritis were significantly associated with poor nutritional status in this population, highlighting the need for comprehensive screening and interdisciplinary interventions in geriatric care.