KẾT QUẢ ĐIỀU TRỊ THẬN NƯỚC DO TẮC KHÚC NỐI BỂ THẬN-NIỆU QUẢN Ở TRẺ NHŨ NHI TẠI BỆNH VIỆN NHI ĐỒNG 1

Abstract

Introduction: Ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) represents the most prevalent congenital anomaly of the upper urinary tract in the pediatric population, with the majority of cases identified antenatally or within the first year of postnatal life. Children's Hospital 1, a leading tertiary pediatric referral center in Southern Vietnam, has extensive experience in the diagnosis, surveillance, and management of hydronephrosis. Nevertheless, there remains a paucity of data regarding the clinical profiles and therapeutic outcomes of affected infants, particularly within this critical age group. Subjects and methods: We conducted a descriptive case series involving infants diagnosed with hydronephrosis secondary to ureteropelvic junction obstruction. Results: Of the 337 patients included, 260 (77.2%) were male and 270 (80.1%) presented with left-sided hydronephrosis. Antenatal ultrasonographic detection accounted for 77.2% of diagnoses. Conservative management was adopted in 258 cases (76.6%), while 79 patients (23.4%) underwent surgical intervention. Among those who underwent surgery, open pyeloplasty was performed in 98.7% of cases. Urinary diversion was achieved via ureteral stenting in 60% and double-J catheterization in 40% of operated patients. Conclusion: A substantial proportion of infants with UPJO-related hydronephrosis can be successfully managed with non-operative strategies. In cases requiring intervention, pyeloplasty demonstrates a high safety profile and favorable efficacy, underscoring its role as a definitive treatment modality in infancy.