ĐÁNH GIÁ TÌNH TRẠNG NHIỄM TRÙNG TIẾT NIỆU VÀ MỘT SỐ YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN Ở BỆNH NHÂN GHÉP THẬN TẠI BỆNH VIỆN QUÂN Y 175

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the incidence, microbiological etiology, and associated risk factors of urinary tract infections in kidney transplant recipients at Military Hospital 175. Subjects and Methods: A descriptive, prospective cohort study was conducted on 48 kidney transplant patients from July 2023 to December 2024. Results: Among the 48 kidney transplant recipients, the mean age was 39.5 ± 11.2 years, with males accounting for 72.9%. The most common cause of end-stage renal disease was glomerulonephritis (75%). The majority of patients underwent maintenance hemodialysis prior to transplantation (87.5%). The incidence of UTIs within the first 6 months post-transplantation was 58.3%, with the highest rate observed during the first month (66.7%). Escherichia coli was the predominant pathogen (47.9%). Univariate analysis revealed that urinary tract complications were the only factor significantly associated with post-transplant UTIs (p < 0.01). Conclusion: Urinary tract infection is a common complication after kidney transplantation, particularly during the first postoperative month. Urinary complications are strongly associated with increased infection risk, highlighting the importance of early detection and intervention to improve post-transplant outcomes.