NGHIÊN CỨU TỶ LỆ SA SÚT TRÍ TUỆ VÀ MỘT SỐ YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN Ở NGƯỜI CAO TUỔI TẠI THÀNH PHỐ QUẢNG NGÃI

Abstract

Dementia is an increasingly prevalent chronic condition, particularly among the elderly. It leads to progressive cognitive impairment, affecting memory, orientation, thinking, language, learning ability, judgment, and emotional and behavioral regulation, thereby reducing the quality of life of patients, their families, and society. Determining the prevalence and associated factors of dementia in the community is essential for prevention and management strategies. A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 568 elderly individuals (≥60 years old) residing in Quang Ngai City, Vietnam. The study consisted of two phases: initial screening for suspected dementia using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scale, followed by specialist examination to confirm diagnosis based on ICD-10 criteria. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was applied to identify factors associated with dementia, with statistical significance set at p<0.05.The prevalence of dementia was 26.9% based on MMSE screening and 24.1% according to ICD-10 criteria. Factors significantly associated with dementia included: older age, lower household economic status, presence of chronic diseases, family history of mental disorders, and poor quality of life (p<0.05). Dementia is a notable public health issue among the elderly in Quang Ngai City, with a high prevalence and significant associations with socio-economic, health, and quality of life factors. Early screening, risk factor management, and community-based interventions are recommended to reduce the burden of dementia.