MỘT SỐ BIẾN CHỨNG CỦA CHOLESTEATOMA BẨM SINH VÀ MẮC PHẢI TRÊN PHIM CẮT LỚP VI TÍNH XƯƠNG THÁI DƯƠNG

Abstract

Objective: To compare and evaluate the frequency of certain complications (dural plate erosion, meningocele, sigmoid sinus involvement, facial nerve canal involvement, and semicircular canal involvement) in patients with congenital cholesteatoma and acquired cholesteatoma on temporal bone computed tomography (CT) scans. Subjects and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 80 patients with acquired cholesteatoma treated at the National Otorhinolaryngology Hospital and 41 patients with congenital cholesteatoma treated at the National Children’s Hospital from November 2022 to December 2024. Results: Dural plate dehiscence (15.70%) and meningocele (1.65%) were observed only in the acquired cholesteatoma group. Anteriorly positioned sigmoid sinus was the most common finding (68.60%), predominantly in the acquired group. A normal sigmoid sinus accounted for 31.40% and was mainly found in the congenital group. Lesions of the facial nerve canal at segment 2 (3.31%) and segment 3 (0.83%) were observed only in the acquired group and were not found in the congenital group. Semicircular canal involvement in the form of fistula (1.65%) and erosion (0.83%) was rare and occurred only in the acquired group. The differences between the two groups in terms of dural plate dehiscence, meningocele, and sigmoid sinus status were highly statistically significant (p < 0.01). Conclusion: Complications involving the dura mater, sigmoid sinus, and facial nerve canal detected on temporal bone CT scans were predominantly observed in patients with acquired cholesteatoma.