TÌNH TRẠNG DINH DƯỠNG TRƯỚC PHẪU THUẬT Ở BỆNH NHÂN UNG THƯ ĐẠI TRỰC TRÀNG TẠI BỆNH VIỆN ĐẠI HỌC Y DƯỢC THÀNH PHỐ HỒ CHÍ MINH

Abstract

Background: Colorectal Cancer (CC) is one of the common cancers all over the world. According to GLOCOBAN 2018, CC incidence ranked third (10.2%, equal to 1,849,518 cases) and its death rate ranked second (9.2%, equal to 880,792 cases). Gastrointestinal cancer has been proved to have a higher malnutrition rate (20 –85%) compared to other types of cancer, in which 28% - 52.4% of CC patients were diagnosed with malnutrition. Malnutrition before and after operation can impact decisions on treatment and patients’ immune system, increase the rate of post-operative complications such as surgical wound infection or drainage (5% - 52%), reduce response, increase the treatment costs (to more than 25%), prolong as well as double the hospitalization (8 – 60 days), raise the death rate. All of those effects would thus deteriorate patients’ quality of life, response and prognosis. Objective: Identify the malnutrition rate of CC patients at the Ho Chi Minh City University of Medicine and Pharmacy. Materials and Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study with analysis was conducted on 130 CC patients at the Ho Chi Minh City University of Medicine and Pharmacy from October 2020 to February 2021. The information was collected by a set of questionnaire which were used during direct interviews, carrying out medical examination and analyzing medical records. Results: The malnutrition rate before and after operation by PG-SGA was 52.3%, in which the rate of severe malnutrition accounted for 16.9% and the conditions measured according to BMI and albumin were 13.1% and 38.5% respectively. There was a statistically significant difference in weight measurements taken between 6 months before and during hospitalization (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The general assessment for CC cancer before and after operation must be conducted to timely and rationally solve any problems and increase the effectiveness in treatment.