ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG VÀ MỘT SỐ YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN Ở BỆNH NHÂN RÁM MÁ TẠI BỆNH VIỆN TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC Y DƯỢC CẦN THƠ VÀ VIỆN NGHIÊN CỨU DA THẨM MỸ QUỐC TẾ FOB NĂM 2022-2023

Abstract

Background: Melasma is a common skin disease that can affect the patient's aesthetics and quality of life. Objective: Describe clinical features and some related factors of melasma at Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital and FOB International Cosmetic Dermatology Institute in 2022-2023. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study on 97 patients who came to the clinic and were diagnosed with melasma at Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital and FOB International Cosmetic Dermatology Institute from August 2022 to August 2023. Results: Clinical characteristics of melasma: the majority (81.5%) of subjects with melasma over 3 years and 18.5% under 3 years; 4 clinical forms such as facial center (50.5%), mixed form (22.7%), butterfly wing (21.6%), mandible (5.2%); Classification of melasma by Wood's light showed epidermal 56.7%, mixed 32%, mean 11.3%; The degree of melasma based on pigmentation and lesion area was average (brown) 46.4%, severe (dark brown) 33%, mild (light brown) 16.5%, very severe (black) 4, first%; The degree of melasma based on MASI results showed that 37.1% heavy, 27.8% average, 19.6% very heavy, 15.5% light. The distribution of melasma based on the MASI index was found to be associated with statistical significance with the following characteristics: age; BMI; sunlight exposure time; wear the mask; apply sunscreen; Menstruation and number of births with p<0.05. Conclusion: All melasma subjects in the study were female with the most facial center of 50.5%, classification of melasma by Wood's epidermal light accounted for the majority of 56.7%; melasma degree based on pigment and mean lesion area (brown) at most 46.4%, based on MASI the highest result weighed 37.1%.