PHÂN TÍCH TÌNH HÌNH SỬ DỤNG KHÁNG SINH TRONG ĐIỀU TRỊ VIÊM PHỔI CỘNG ĐỒNG Ở TRẺ EM TẠI BỆNH VIỆN NHI ĐỒNG CẦN THƠ NĂM 2024

Abstract

Background: In recent years, the rate of pneumonia has tended to increase, especially in children. Pneumonia is not only the leading cause of death in this group of diseases, but also higher than the death rate due to AIDS and malaria combined. Objectives: To survey the situation and analyze the rationality of antibiotics used in the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia in children at Can Tho Children's Hospital in 2024. Matherials and methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study, conducted on 301 inpatient medical records of children treated for pneumonia at the Department of Respiratory Medicine, using antibiotics and having a discharge date between January 1, 2024 and June 30, 2024. Data were processed and analyzed using Excel 2016 and SPSS 26.0 software. Results: Among 301 medical records, the group of children aged 1-5 years old had the highest rate of disease (42.5%), followed by the group aged 2 to under 12 months old (39.9%). Of which, the number of severe pneumonia cases accounted for 12%, the number of cases treated with concomitant diseases was 16.6%. Regarding the use of antibiotics, the 3rd generation Cephalosporin group was used most with 57.8%, of which Cefotaxime was most commonly used with 51.8%. The majority of patients were treated with monotherapy (66.4%), with a common treatment duration of 6-10 days (63.5%). Based on the Criteria for analyzing the rationality of antibiotic use, the selection of appropriate antibiotics was 92.4%, the appropriate antibiotic dosage was 87.7%, and the appropriate dose rate was 97%. The treatment results showed that 99% of patients were discharged in a state of recovery and improvement. The survey results showed that the rate of appropriate antibiotic selection was 81.4% and 18.6% of cases still did not meet the criteria for rationality. Conclusions: Although the rate of appropriate antibiotic use was 81.4%, there are still some limitations that need to be overcome to improve treatment effectiveness. This requires close coordination between doctors and health professionals in optimizing treatment regimens, improving the use of antibiotics more safely, rationally and effectively, contributing to reducing the risk of drug resistance and improving the quality of child health care.