KẾT QUẢ THỤ TINH TRONG ỐNG NGHIỆM Ở CÁC CẶP VỢ CHỒNG MANG GEN THALASSEMIA TẠI TRUNG TÂM HTSS & CÔNG NGHỆ MÔ GHÉP BỆNH VIỆN ĐẠI HỌC Y HÀ NỘI

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the impact of embryo quality and preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) results on pregnancy rates among couples carrying Thalassemia genes. Subjects and Methods: This prospective descriptive study was conducted on Thalassemia gene carrier couples undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) combined with PGT at the ART & Tissue Engineering Center, Hanoi Medical University Hospital, from May 2022 to June 2024. Results: The study included 26 couples carrying either α-thalassemia (20) or β-thalassemia (6). Among 134 embryos subjected to PGT-A, 57.5% were euploid, 42.5% exhibited aneuploidy ranging from 1 chromosome to more than 4 chromosomes. High-quality embryos (grades 1 and 2) showed a significantly lower rate of aneuploidy compared to low-quality embryos (grade 3) (p<0.05). Following PGT-A, 89 embryos underwent Thalassemia gene screening, with only 26.5% being free of Thalassemia genes, while 73.5% carried at least one gene mutation. No clear correlation was observed between embryo quality and Thalassemia genetic status (p>0.05). Pregnancy rates were 22 out of 29 embryo transfer cycles, with the highest rates observed in women under 35 years old, decreasing significantly with maternal age (p<0.05). Both transferred embryo groups (heterozygous or without abnormal genes) exhibited similar pregnancy rates (p>0.05). Conclusion: In IVF among couples carrying Thalassemia genes, maternal age and embryo quality are critical factors influencing successful pregnancy outcomes. However, genetic status does not appear to significantly affect pregnancy success rates.