THỰC TRẠNG KHÁNG KHÁNG SINH CỦA MỘT SỐ CHỦNG VI KHUẨN GÂY NHIỄM KHUẨN TIẾT NIỆU TẠI BỆNH VIỆN E

Abstract

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are prevalent and often recurrent, with antimicrobial resistance posing a significant challenge to treatment efficacy and increasing healthcare costs. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted to identify the predominant bacterial pathogens and their antibiotic resistance profiles in urine cultures at Hospital E. Results: Escherichia coli was the most frequently isolated pathogen, accounting for 30.9% of cases, followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (14%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (10%), Enterococcus faecium (8.1%), and Enterococcus faecalis (4.3%). E. coli exhibited the highest resistance to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (100%) and the highest susceptibility to ertapenem (98.2%). The prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)--producing E. coli was 54.6%. K. pneumoniae demonstrated complete resistance to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and the highest susceptibility to amikacin (68.5%), with an ESBL production rate of 22.4%. P. aeruginosa showed the highest resistance to levofloxacin (92.6%) and the highest sensitivity to piperacillin/tazobactam (41.2%). E. faecium was completely resistant to penicillin, ampicillin, and ciprofloxacin, with a vancomycin resistance rate of 11.1%, while no resistance to linezolid was observed. E. faecalis exhibited the highest resistance to tetracycline (91.4%), but all isolates remained susceptible to linezolid and vancomycin. Conclusion: E. coli was the leading cause of UTIs, followed by P. aeruginosa, K. pneumoniae, E. faecium, and E. faecalis. High levels of antibiotic resistance were observed among these pathogens, underscoring the need for continuous surveillance and optimized antimicrobial stewardship strategies.