PHÂN TÍCH THỰC TRẠNG DỊ ỨNG THUỐC VÀ ĐIỀU TRTẠI KHOA DỊ ỨNG MIỄN DỊCH LÂM SÀNG BỆNH VIỆN HỮU NGHỊ ĐA KHOA NGHỆ AN NĂM 2024

Abstract

Drug allergy is an excessive, abnormal, harmful reaction to the patient when using or coming into contact with a drug [1]. With the desire to learn about the characteristics of drugs that cause allergies as well as treatment in order to have measures to prevent, handle promptly and improve treatment effectiveness. We conducted the topic with 2 objectives: Describe the clinical and paraclinical characteristics of drug-allergic patients and comment on the appropriateness in drug allergy treatment. Subjects and methods of research: Cross-sectional description of 92 medical records of drug-allergic patients treated at the Clinical Allergy and Immunology Department of  Nghe An Friendship General Hospital in 2024. Results: Average age 51.7 ± 19.5, female/male ratio 1.6; 30.4% history of drug allergy; 15.2% comorbidities related to allergies; 50.0% of allergies appeared for more than 1 hour; 44.6% due to self-purchased drugs; most symptoms were itching, skin (rash, red rash) (95.7%; 89.1%). Symptoms of eye, lip, face swelling (16.3; 9.8; 10.9%); most had high IgE (91.3%); 17.4% had increased ALT; The highest rate of allergic drugs was antibiotics and NSAIDs (16.3%); 7 patients had anti-tuberculosis drugs (7.6%); 100% of allergic drugs were used in the correct dose and mostly orally; 90.2% were treated with a combination regimen of Corticoid + antihistamine; The only Corticoid used was methylprednisolone; the most commonly used antihistamines were diphenhydramine (65.2%), bilastine (43.5%), fexofenadine (34.8%); desloratadine (15.2%); 100% of patients were treated with the appropriate medication as recommended; Conclusion: Antibiotics and NSAIDs were the most common allergies, mostly itching, rash - erythema on the skin; treatment mainly used a combination regimen. All patients were treated as recommended