ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG, CẬN LÂM SÀNG VIÊM DA CƠ TRẺ EM TẠI BỆNH VIỆN NHI TRUNG ƯƠNG 2010-2022

Abstract

Objectives: This study aims to describe the clinical and paraclinical characteristics of pediatric patients diagnosed with JDM at the Vietnam National Children's Hospital. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 50 pediatric patients diagnosed with JDM from 2010 to 2022 at the Department of Immunology-Allergy-Rheumatology, Vietnam National Children's Hospital. Clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, imaging results, and disease severity were analyzed using descriptive statistical methods. Results: The median age at diagnosis was 6.5 years, with a female-to-male ratio of 1.7:1. The median time from symptom onset to diagnosis was 5.5 months. The most common systemic symptom was fatigue (78%). Skin involvement included Gottron’s papules (64%), heliotrope rash (40%), and periungual capillary changes (62%). Muscle weakness was observed in 98% of patients, predominantly affecting proximal limb muscles (98%), pelvic girdle (80%), and shoulder girdle (72%). According to the MMT8 (Manual Muscle Testing-8) scale, 90.9% of patients had severe muscle weakness (MMT8 score ≤ 63), while 9.1% had moderate muscle weakness (MMT8 score 64–71). Gastrointestinal involvement was present in 36% of cases, primarily with dysphagia (24%). Pulmonary involvement was rare (6%), and only one case (2%) had pericardial effusion. Conclusions: JDM in Vietnamese children presents with classic dermatologic and muscular manifestations, but systemic involvement is relatively uncommon. Early recognition and timely intervention are crucial in improving long-term outcomes. Further research is needed to optimize diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for JDM in Vietnam.  Keywords: Juvenile dermatomyositis, autoimmune myopathy, Gottron’s papules, heliotrope rash, MMT8.