NGHIÊN CỨU TÌNH HÌNH, MỘT SỐ YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN VÀ KẾT QUẢ THAI KỲ Ở SẢN PHỤ NHIỄM LIÊN CẦU KHUẨN NHÓM B TẠI BỆNH VIỆN NGUYỄN TRI PHƯƠNG NĂM 2024 – 2025

Abstract

Background: Group B Streptococcus, Streptococcus agalactiae (GBS), is a Gram-positive cocci that can be found in the gastrointestinal, urinary, and genital tracts. During pregnancy, carrying Group B Streptococcus is associated with miscarriage, intrauterine fetal death, preterm birth, premature rupture of membranes, early rupture of membranes, amniotic infection, and postpartum infection. Objectives: To determine the prevalence and some factors related to vaginal-rectal Group B Streptococcus infection in pregnant women visiting Nguyen Tri Phuong Hospital in 2024-2025. Materials and methods: 240 pregnant women with gestational age of 35 weeks or more, who visited the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department at Nguyen Tri Phuong Hospital, and who had not used vaginal suppositories or antibiotics within 48 hours before examination and vaginal-rectal culture tests. The study design is a cross-sectional, longitudinal descriptive analysis with prospective data collection. Results: The prevalence of GBS infection in our study was 16.3%. The study found a higher rate of GBS infection in the group with bacterial vaginosis (OR = 5.68; p = 0.001). There was a statistically significant difference in the higher GBS infection rate among individuals with pyuria (OR = 4.05; p = 0.012). In the group with a history of miscarriage, the risk of GBS infection was 3.8 times higher compared to those without any history of miscarriage (OR = 3.8, 95% CI: 1.7 – 8.0). Pregnant women who practiced vaginal douching had a 5.6 times higher risk of GBS infection compared to those who did not (OR = 5.6, 95% CI: 2.4 – 13.1), with a statistically significant difference (p < 0.01). Pregnant women who used river or pond water had a 4.5 times higher risk of GBS infection compared to those using tap water, with a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05). No association was found between the use of feminine hygiene solutions and GBS infection. Conclusion: Our study recorded a GBS prevalence of 16.3% among pregnant women. Statistically significant differences were observed in relation to several factors associated with GBS infection, including obstetric history, history of miscarriage, vaginal douching, and water sources for daily use.