HIỆU QUẢ HUẤN LUYỆN ÉP TIM NGOÀI LỒNG NGỰC CỦA SINH VIÊN Y KHOA NĂM NHẤT TRÊN MÔ HÌNH ACTAR 911 SQUADRON

Abstract

Introduction: Chest compression technique plays a crucial role in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR); however, performing it correctly remains a challenge, even for trained individuals. Simulation-based training has proven effective for CPR skills acquisition. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of chest compression training using the Actar 911 Squadron manikin among first-year medical students at Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine (PNTUM). Method: A one-group pre-post interventional study was conducted among 112 volunteer first-year medical students (FMS) at PNTU who had no prior CPR training. Students participated in a 4-hour training course (1 hour of didactic and 3 hours of hands-on training) using the Actar 911 manikin. After each practice session, chest compression data was extracted, and instructors provided feedback to guide FMS in improving their skills. Pre- and post-training assessments were conducted on the same Actar 911 Squadron manikin, with the CPRMeter2 screen concealed to ensure objectivity. Seven criteria were assessed: hand position, hand technique, compression depth, rate, chest recoil, chest compression fraction (CCF), and quality of chest compressions (QCC). McNemar's test and paired t-test were used for before-and-after comparisons. Result: Of 112 FMSs, 98.2% were 19 years old and 47.3% were female. Correct hand position improved from 84.8% to 99.1% (p = 0.2). Proper hand technique significantly increased from 56.3% to 89.3% (p < 0.001). The proportion of compressions performed at the correct rate rose from 25.9% to 55.4% (p = 0.01), though many still struggled to maintain the standard compression rate. The proportion of compressions performed at the correct depth did not improve significantly (1.8% to 2.7%, p > 0.05). Chest recoil significantly improved from 77.8% to 85.3% (p < 0.001). Chest Compression Fraction (CCF) remained consistently very high, while the Quality of Chest Compressions (QCC), despite increasing from 0.9% to 3.6% (p = 0.03), remained low. Conclusion: Chest compression training using the Actar 911 Squadron manikin effectively improved basic techniques and chest recoil among FMSs. However, supplementary methods with direct feedback and more extensive practice are still needed to enhance compression rate and depth, thereby improving the overall effectiveness of cardiopulmonary resuscitation.