ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG, CẬN LÂM SÀNG VIÊM PHỔI LIÊN QUAN ĐẾN VIRUS HỢP BÀO HÔ HẤP TẠI BỆNH VIỆN NHI TRUNG ƯƠNG

Abstract

Respiratory syncytial virus is one of the leading causes of pneumonia in young children. The disease often progresses rapidly and may result in severe respiratory failure, highlighting the importance of early diagnosis and timely intervention. Objective: To describe the clinical and paraclinical characteristics of children with RSV-associated pneumonia at the Respiratory Center, Vietnam National Children’s Hospital, during 2024–2025. Subjects: A total of 277 children aged from 1 month to under 16 years diagnosed with RSV-associated pneumonia were enrolled at the Respiratory Center, Vietnam National Children’s Hospital, from October 1, 2024, to June 30, 2025. Methods: A prospective cross-sectional descriptive study. Results: The male-to-female ratio was 1.4:1. The majority of cases (82.0%) were in the 2–12-month age group. The median duration from symptom onset to hospital admission was 3 days. Severe pneumonia was diagnosed in 21.3% of patients. Common presenting symptoms included rhinorrhea (98.6%), cough (92.8%), and wheezing (82.3%). Frequent clinical signs were tachypnea (75.1%), chest indrawing (62.8%), and fever (34.3%). Auscultatory findings included crackles (83.8%) and wheezing (65.0%). Leukocytosis and elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) were observed in 32.9% and 39.0% of cases, respectively. Chest X-ray findings commonly showed peribronchial thickening (87.4%) and bilateral diffuse opacities (53.8%). Positive nasopharyngeal culture was detected in one-third of patients, with Haemophilus influenzae being the most frequently identified co-infecting bacterium (19.9%). Conclusion: RSV-associated pneumonia predominantly affects children aged 2–12 months, with 21.3% presenting as severe pneumonia. Bacterial co-infection was identified in approximately one-third of cases, most commonly with H. influenzae.