ĐẶC ĐIỂM PHÂN BỐ GIAI ĐOẠN BỆNH THẬN MẠN TRONG CỘNG ĐỒNG TẠI THÀNH PHỐ CẦN THƠ

Abstract

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is emerging as a major global health challenge with rising morbidity and mortality. Early recognition of stage distribution in the community is essential to support risk stratification and timely intervention. Objectives: To determine the prevalence and distribution of CKD stages according to demographic profiles and underlying conditions in Can Tho City. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 1531 residents aged ≥18 years living in four districts of Can Tho. CKD was diagnosed using KDIGO 2021 criteria based on estimated glomerular filtration rate and urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio from two measurements obtained 3 months apart. Data were analyzed with SPSS 26 using descriptive statistics and the Fisher–Freeman–Halton test. Results: Most CKD cases were classified as stage I (36.4%) and stage II (37.9%), while stage IV was uncommon (0.5%). Chronic kidney disease stage distribution differed significantly across age groups (p < 0.001) with adults ≥60 years showing higher proportions in stage II (46.8%) stage IIIa (20.1%) and stage IIIb (12.2%). Regarding underlying diseases the hypertension-only group was concentrated in stage I (50.0%) whereas the diabetes-only group and those without comorbidities were predominantly in stage IIIa (54.2% and 68.4%). Among participants with both hypertension and diabetes CKD stages were widely distributed and one case was identified in stage IV. Conclusion: Most community CKD cases were in stage I and II. However, CKD stage distribution shifted toward stages with progressively impaired kidney function stages in older adults and individuals with diabetes indicating the need for targeted screening diagnostic assessment and management in these high-risk groups.