BƯỚC ĐẦU ĐÁNH GIÁ NGUY CƠ TRÀO NGƯỢC DẠ DÀY THỰC QUẢN Ở SẢN PHỤ UỐNG NẠP DUNG DỊCH CARBOHYDRATE TRƯỚC PHẪU THUẬT LẤY THAI CHƯƠNG TRÌNH

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the risk of aspiration in parturients who consumed carbohydrate solution before elective cesarean section. Methods: A randomized controlled clinical intervention study was conducted from December 2024 to May 2025 on 31 parturients undergoing elective cesarean section, divided into two groups: the control group (FAST) consisting of 16 parturients who fasted from midnight before surgery, and the intervention group (CHO) consisting of 15 parturients who consumed 600ml of carbohydrate solution the evening before surgery and 300ml of carbohydrate solution on the morning of surgery up to 2 hours before surgery. Gastric antral right lateral decubitus cross-sectional area, grading and volume of residual gastric fluid were assessed, and cases of gastroesophageal reflux and pulmonary aspiration were recorded. Results: Ultrasound-assessed gastric volume in the CHO intervention group showed 13,3% grade 0; 60% grade 1; and 26,7% grade 2, while the FAST control group showed 18,8% grade 0; 56,2% grade 1; and 25% grade 2 (p = 0,919). The gastric antral right lateral decubitus cross-sectional area in the FAST group was 4,09 ± 1,52 cm², and in the CHO group was 3,37 ± 1,16 cm², with p = 0,29. Residual gastric volume per kg calculated using Perlas' and Roukhomovsky's formulas were 0,78 ± 0,41 ml/kg and 0,83 ± 0,43 ml/kg in the FAST group, and 0,6 ± 0,27 ml/kg and 0,51 ± 0,34 ml/kg in the CHO group, respectively. No cases of reflux or pulmonary aspiration were recorded. Conclusion: Preoperative carbohydrate solution consumption before elective cesarean section is safe and does not increase the risk of aspiration during surgical anesthesia.