NGHIÊN CỨU KIẾN THỨC, THÁI ĐỘ, THỰC HÀNH VÀ HIỆU QUẢ CAN THIỆP CỦA KIẾN THỨC, THÁI ĐỘ, SÀNG LỌC TRƯỚC SINH Ở PHỤ NỮ MANG THAI TẠI HUYỆN DẦU TIẾNG TỈNH BÌNH DƯƠNG NĂM 2023 - 2024

Abstract

Background: Congenital anomalies occur in approximately 2-3% of newborns, corresponding to around 3 million births globally each year. Children with congenital anomalies have high hospitalization rates and treatment costs. Prenatal screening is effective in early detection of fetal abnormalities, enabling timely intervention and reducing the number of children born with anomalies. Objectives: 1. To determine the rate of knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) regarding first-trimester prenatal screening among pregnant women in Dau Tieng district, 2023 - 2024. 2. To describe factors related to KAP regarding prenatal screening among pregnant women in Dau Tieng district, 2023 - 2024. 3. To evaluate the effectiveness of health education on prenatal screening among pregnant women in Dau Tieng district, 2023 - 2024. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study with analysis and non-controlled intervention was conducted on 360 pregnant women from 8 to 11 weeks residing in Dau Tieng district, Binh Duong province. Results: Among the 360 surveyed women, the rates of correct knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding prenatal screening were 43.3%, 31.1%, and 43.1%, respectively. Women with an income from 4,680,000 to 9,630,000 VND have 1.921 times higher knowledge (95% CI: 1.125-3.278) compared to those with an income <4,680,000 VND (<0.05). Surveyed women with higher education, health insurance, adequate knowledge, and adequate practice have a statistically significantly higher rate of adequate practice compared to the other group. Post-intervention, the rates of correct knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding prenatal screening significantly increased to 96.5% (effectiveness index: 120.5%, p<0.001), 78.1% (effectiveness index: 150.9%, p<0.001), and 92.2% (effectiveness index: 114.2%, p<0.001), respectively. Conclusions: The study indicates that health education programs are highly effective in raising awareness and improving behavior regarding prenatal screening among pregnant women.