KẾT QUẢ ĐIỀU TRỊ PHÁC ĐỒ ARV BẬC 1 Ở TRẺ EM NHIỄM HIV/AIDS TẠI BỆNH VIỆN NHI ĐỒNG 2

Abstract

Introduction: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) have become a global pandemic with an increasing number of patients, including Vietnam. Currently, researches in children with effectiveness of first-line antiretroviral in Vietnam are limited. Objective: Describe epidemiology, clinical characteristics, laboratory findings, response rate to first-line antiretroviral after 6 months, 12 months at the Outpatient clinic for HIV services (OPC)  of Children's Hospital 2. Method: Case series study. Results: From January 2017 to December 2021, there were 90 children who were infected HIV/AIDS in the study. HIV occurred in every period of childhood but the highest incidence was between 1 and 4 years old (58%) with median age was 43 months, the ratio male : female was 1.1:1. The majority of children are malnourished (68.9%). The main route of HIV transmission is from mother to child (81.1%), the group of children receiving prevention of mother-child transmission accounts for a low rate (12.3%). The group of children in clinical stage 3 accounts for the highest proportion (44.4%). At 6 and 12 months after first-line antiretroviral treatment: nutritional status, clinical stage, and immune stage all improved significantly and were statistically different from the baseline. Conclusions: HIV is a cause of immunodeficiency in children of concern in Vietnam. The response rate to ARV treatment is high, but adherencet is still low. Therefore, it is necessary to increase support for pediatric HIV/AIDS patients, encourage participation in health insurance, establish support groups, and remind each other to comply with treatment. The main transmission route is from mother to child, so it is necessary to strengthen intervention, prevent mother-child transmission, and provide early ARV treatment for children.