Article Sidebar
Views PDF: 192
SOME RISK FACTORS OF GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS: A CASE-CONTROL STUDY
Main Article Content
Abstract
Introduction: High-risk pregnant women for gestational diabetes mellitus require attention and early screening from the first prenatal visit, as the presence of risk factors significantly increases the likelihood of developing gestational diabetes mellitus. Objective: To analyze several risk factors for gestational diabetes mellitus among pregnant women delivering at Kien Giang Hospital of Obstetrics and Pediatrics from March 2024 to June 2024. Materials and methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted on 68 eligible pregnant women, including a group of healthy pregnant women (n = 35) and a group of pregnant women diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus (n = 33) according to the ADA 2023 criteria. Results: The study recorded the following characteristics in the GDM group compared to the healthy pregnant group: average age (34,8 ± 6,3 vs. 28,6 ± 6,5), weight (71,4 ± 10,4 vs. 60,9 ± 8,8), fasting blood glucose (7,5 ± 3,4 vs. 4,7 ± 0,8), history of GDM (45,5% vs. 5,7%), history of stillbirth (39,4% vs. 11,4%), delivering a baby ≥ 4000g (39,4% vs. 5,7%), and family history of diabetes (42,4% vs. 17,1%), with statistically significant differences between the two groups (p<0,05). Univariate regression analysis indicated that a history of GDM increases the risk of developing GDM in this with OR=7,1 (95% CI: 1,3 – 39,0) (p=0,03). A history of delivering a baby ≥ 4000g also increased the risk of GDM in the subsequent pregnancy with OR=6,3 (95% CI 1,1 – 36,3) (p=0,04). Multivariate regression analysis showed that a history of GDM (OR=13,8, 95% CI 2,8 – 13,8), history of stillbirth (OR=5,0, 95% CI 1,4 – 17,7), and history of delivering a baby ≥ 4000g (OR=10,7, 95% CI 2,2 – 52,5) were statistically significant risk factors for developing GDM in this pregnancy (p<0,05). Conclusion: A history of gestational diabetes mellitus, history of stillbirth, and history of delivering a baby ≥ 4000g are significant risk factors for developing gestational diabetes mellitus in the current pregnancy. This underscores the necessity of screening pregnant women with these risk factors.
Article Details
Keywords
Gestational diabetes mellitus, risk factors.
References
2. Hoàng Thị Lan Hương, Trần Thừa Nguyên, Nguyễn Thị Bạch Oanh, Nguyễn Trọng Nghĩa, Trần Minh Thắng và cộng sự. Nghiên cứu tỷ lệ mắc đái tháo đường thai kỳ và các yếu tố liên quan tại Bệnh viện Trung ương Huế. Y học lâm sàng Bệnh viện Trung ương Huế. 2023, 89:7-16.
3. Trần Khánh Nga. Nghiên cứu tình hình đái tháo đường thai kỳ và mối liên quan của bệnh với Adiponectin, Leptin huyết thanh. Luận án Tiến sĩ Y học. Đại học Huế - Trường Đại học Y Dược. 2023.
4. Hứa Thành Nhân, Ngô Văn Truyền. Nghiên cứu tình hình đái tháo đường thai kỳ và một số yếu tố liên quan ở thai phụ từ 25 tuổi tại Bệnh viện Quốc tế Phương Châu Cần Thơ. Tạp chí Y Dược học Cần Thơ. 2023, 65:177-183.
5. American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee. Classification and Diagnosis of Diabetes: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2022. Diabetes Care. 2022, 45(Suppl 1):S17-S38.
6. Kouhkan A, Najafi L, Malek M, Baradaran HR, Hosseini R, et al. Gestational diabetes mellitus: Major risk factors and pregnancy-related outcomes: A cohort study. Int J Reprod Biomed. 2021, 19(9):827-836.
7. Kunasegaran T, Balasubramaniam VRMT, Arasoo VJT, Palanisamy UD, Ramadas A. Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Southeast Asia: A Scoping Review. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021, 18(3):1272.
8. Teh WT, Teede HJ, Paul E. Risk factors for gestational diabetes mellitus: implications for the application of screening guidelines. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 2011, 51:26-30.