REVIEW OF HIGH RISK FACTORS IN CAROTID ENDARTERECTOMY
Main Article Content
Abstract
Introduction: Currently, there is still much debate about which factors should be considered as high-risk factors in carotid endarterectomy as well as the choice of treatment method. Objective: Evaluate treatment results and the role of high-risk factors in carotid endarterectomy (CEA). Patients and methods: A retrospective descriptive case series was conducted from January 2020 to December 2022 at the Vascular Surgery Department of Chợ Rẫy Hospital. Results: During the period from 2020 to 2022, we performed 30 cases CEA for patients with high risk factors. Among them: occlusion of the contralateral side (76.7%), age ≥ 80 (16.7%), 13.3% of patients having one high-risk factor of age ≥ 80, 6.7% having one high-risk factor of severe COPD ; additionally, one patient, accounting for 3.3%, had two high-risk factors of age ≥ 80 and COPD. Early results showed one case of cerebrovascular accident, with a surgical success rate of 96.7%. No complications were recorded during mid-term follow-up. Conclusion: Carotid endarterectomy has shown positive results and is a treatment method that can be considered in patients with high risk factors for surgery in experienced centers.
Article Details
Keywords
carotid artery stenosis, high-risk factors
References
2. Schermerhorn ML, Fokkema M, Goodney P, et al. The impact of Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services high-risk criteria on outcome after carotid endarterectomy and carotid artery stenting in the SVS Vascular Registry. Journal of Vascular Surgery. 2013/05/01/ 2013;57(5): 1318-1324. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.jvs.2012.10.107
3. Gates L, Botta R, Schlosser F, et al. Characteristics that define high risk in carotid endarterectomy from the Vascular Study Group of New England. Journal of Vascular Surgery. 2015/10/01/ 2015;62(4): 929-936. doi:https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.jvs.2015.04.398
4. Bond R, Rerkasem K, Cuffe R, Rothwell PM. A systematic review of the associations between age and sex and the operative risks of carotid endarterectomy. Cerebrovasc Dis. 2005;20(2):69-77. doi:10.1159/000086509
5. Hobson R. Carotid artery stenting is associated with increased complications in octogenarians: 30- day stroke and death rates in the CREST lead-in phase. Journal of vascular surgery. 2004;40:1106- 1111.
6. Mozes G, Sullivan TM, Torres-Russotto DR, et al. Carotid endarterectomy in sapphire-eligible high-risk patients: implications for selecting patients for carotid angioplasty and stenting. Journal of Vascular Surgery. 2004/05/01/ 2004;39(5):958-965. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.jvs.2003.12.037
7. Naylor R, Rantner B, Ancetti S, et al. Editor's Choice – European Society for Vascular Surgery (ESVS) 2023 Clinical Practice Guidelines on the Management of Atherosclerotic Carotid and Vertebral Artery Disease. European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery. 2023;65(1): 7-111. doi:10.1016/j.ejvs.2022.04.011
8. Droz NM, Lyden SP, Smolock CJ, Rowse JW, Kirksey L, Caputo FJ. Carotid endarterectomy remains safe in high-risk patients. J Vasc Surg. May 2021;73(5): 1675-1682.e4. doi:10.1016/ j.jvs.2020.08.149