MỘT SỐ YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN ĐẾN THỰC TRẠNG NHIỄM NẤM CANDIDA NIÊM MẠC MIỆNG Ở BỆNH NHÂN HIV/AIDS

Abstract

Objective: Describe some factors related to oral candidiasis in HIV/AIDS patients. Subjects and methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study conducted on 261 patients being treated at the Central Tropical Diseases Hospital in 2022 - 2023. Results: The proportion of male patients with candida fungal infection was 20.7%, which was more than double that of female patients (8.7%), and oral candidiasis rate in patients under 40 years old was also higher that over 40 years old. Patients infected with HIV for ≤ 2 years had a candida infection rate 9.44 times higher than patients infected with HIV for more than 2 years. Nearly half (46.3%) of patients with CD4 counts < 200 cells/mm³ had oral candidiasis. HIV patients in clinical stage 3 had candida infection nearly 3 times more likely than that in stage 4. The patients who smoking and drinking alcohol increased the risk of Candida infection by 3.66 and 2.69 times compared to that of does not smoke and drink alcohol. Conclusion: Men, aged under 40, have CD4 count < 200 cells/mm³, duration of HIV infection less than 2 years, smoking and drinking alcohol are factors that increase the risk of oral candidiasis in HIV/AIDS patients.