ĐẶC ĐIỂM BỆNH TẬT VÀ MỘT SỐ YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN Ở TRẺ SƠ SINH NON THÁNG DƯỚI 34 TUẦN TUỔI THAI

Abstract

Background: preterm neonates have been proven to be at high risk for serious complications. The risk increases with greater prematurity and lower birth weight. Objectives: the study aims to describe the morbidity characteristics and analyze some related factors in preterm neonates under 34 weeks of gestation. Materials and methods: a case series included 39 preterm neonates under 34 weeks of gestation who were admitted for treatment at the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Dong Thap General Hospital from July 2023 to March 2024. Results: regarding general characteristics, the results showed that the majority were male (69.2%), most had a weight between 1500-2500g (84.6%), gestational age from 32 weeks to less than 34 weeks accounted for 84.6%, and the majority were spontaneous vaginal delivery (62.2%). The main morbidities indicated that pneumonia and newborn jaundice were very common (79.5% and 89.7%, respectively), meanwhile, the proportion of sepsis was 17.9%. The univariate analysis found no significant differences between maternal and neonatal characteristics including baby’s weight, gestational age, gender, mode of delivery, maternal age, and pregnancy abnormalities, and the incidence of pneumonia (p > 0.05). Similar results were found when analyzing the relationship with sepsis (p > 0.05). Regarding newborn jaundice, the results showed that the proportion of jaundice in male neonates was significantly higher than in female ones (p < 0.05). Conclusion: pneumonia and neonatal jaundice are the most common diseases in preterm neonates. There were no significant differences in the percentage of pneumonia and sepsis in preterm neonates based on variables such as baby’s weight, gestational age, and gender; however, male newborns have a significantly higher percentage of jaundice compared to female newborns.