THỰC TRẠNG RỐI LOẠN TRẦM CẢM Ở HỌC SINH TRƯỜNG TRUNG HỌC CƠ SỞ CHU VĂN AN, THÀNH PHỐ THÁI NGUYÊN NĂM HỌC 2023-2024

Abstract

Objective: Describe the current status of depressive disorder among students at Chu Van An Secondary School, Thai Nguyen city in the 2023-2024 school year. Research subjects and methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study on 492 students studying at Chu Van An Secondary School, Thai Nguyen city, Thai Nguyen province from September 2023 to May 2024. Results: The average age is 13.3 years old, distributed more among women (55.7%) than men (44.3%), mainly Kinh people (accounting for 76%), the majority of subjects are not religious. (90%) and living in the city (97.6%), good and good academic performance are the majority, 61.8% and 36.4% respectively, time spent using electronic devices, mainly using electronic devices. 37.0% use less than 3 hours/day, 69.1% of students practice sports regularly. The rate of depressive disorder diagnosed according to ICD-10 is 6.3%, corresponding to 31 students. Among 31 students diagnosed with depressive disorder, including mild depressive disorder, accounting for 51.16%, moderate depressive episode accounting for 22.6%, recurrent depressive disorder, currently in Moderate depression accounts for 3.2%, adaptation disorders with short depressive reactions, and long-term depressive reactions account for 9.7% and 12.9%, respectively. Students diagnosed with major depressive disorder are mainly distributed among females with 27 cases compared to 4 cases among males. In 492 students, the 3 main symptoms of depression included low mood (15.0%), loss of interest and pleasure (2.8%), fatigue, and decreased energy (5.7%). Common symptoms of depression include sleep disorders (29.1%), decreased concentration and attention (11.2%), eating disorders (5.7%), and a gloomy and pessimistic view of the future. self-destructive or suicidal thoughts and behaviors (4.7%), decreased self-esteem and self-confidence (3.5%), ideas of guilt and unworthiness (1%). Among the 23 children with thoughts and behaviors of self-destruction or suicide, the main ones were self-scratching, accounting for 60.9%, followed by self-cutting and incisions with sharp objects (17.4%).), self-biting (13.0%), self-hitting (13.0%), no head-banging behavior. Conclusion: Depressive disorder is a common disorder in adolescence, distributed mainly in girls, with the main symptom being mainly low mood, the common symptoms being mainly sleep disorders, reduced attention span. If children have thoughts and behaviors of self-destruction or suicide, the majority is self-scratching.