MỘT SỐ ĐẶC ĐIỂM CẬN LÂM SÀNG VÀ TÌNH TRẠNG KHÁNG THUỐC ANTIRETROVIRAL Ở NGƯỜI BỆNH NHIỄM HIV ĐIỀU TRỊ TẠI BỆNH VIỆN BỆNH NHIỆT ĐỚI TRUNG ƯƠNG NĂM 2022-2023

Abstract

A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 400 patients diagnosed with HIV, whom are being monitored and managed for treatment at the national hospital for tropical diseases (NHTD) from 2022 to 2023. The study aimed to describe some clinical characteristics of HIV-infected patients undergoing Antiretroviral treatment at the NHTD in 2022-2023, including an assessment of drug resistance in 45 patients with virological failure and drug resistance testing results. The study results showed that over 50% of patients had a CD4 cell count ≥ 500 (cells/mm³), and only 1/4 of patients had measurable HIV viral load. Treatment failure was observed in the group of HIV-infected individuals with drug resistance, with 97.78% resistant to the NNRTI class, 93.33% resistant to the NRTI class, and 6.67% resistant to the PI class. It is necessary to enhance support for mutation gene resistance testing and to conduct tests before transitioning patients to second-line ARV treatment regimens to limit unnecessary switches to second-line regimens.