ĐẶC ĐIỂM KHÁNG KHÁNG SINH CỦA CÁC CHỦNG MYCOPLASMA PHÂN LẬP ĐƯỢC TẠI BỆNH VIỆN DA LIỄU TRUNG ƯƠNG NĂM 2022

Abstract

Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticum (collectively called Mycoplasma) are pathogenic bacteria responsible for various genitourinary infections in both males and females. These bacteria inherently exhibit resistance to many antibiotics and are showing increasing resistance to the others commonly used for treatment. Methods: This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the infection rate and antibiotic resistance profile of Mycoplasma strains isolated at the National Hospital of Dermatology and Venereology in 2022. Results: A total of 314 genital specimens were collected and analyzed, yielding an overall Mycoplasma positivity rate of 25.8% (81/314). Of these, 3 samples were single infected with M. hominis, 53 with U. urealyticum, and 25 presented co-infection with both species. Age under 23 and female gender were identified as independent factors associated with an increased risk of infection. Among the single infected U. urealyticum isolates, the highest susceptibility was observed for pristinamycin (100%), josamycin (98.1%), and doxycycline (96.2%), while resistance was highest against ciprofloxacin (58.5%) and ofloxacin (39.6%). None of the M. hominis isolates were susceptible to ofloxacin or erythromycin, and all were sensitive to doxycycline, josamycin, and tetracycline. In co-infected samples, both bacteria were most susceptible to pristinamycin (72.0%) and doxycycline (60.0%), and exhibited the highest resistance rates against ciprofloxacin (96.0%), erythromycin (84.0%), and ofloxacin (80.0%). Notably, five samples demonstrated resistance to all tested antibiotics. Conclusion: The increasing antibiotic resistance in Mycoplasma, particularly against commonly used agents, presents significant challenges in the treatment of genitourinary infections caused by these pathogens