KHẢO SÁT ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG, CẬN LÂM SÀNG TRÊN BỆNH NHÂN VIỆT NAM MẮC LUPUS TẠI THÀNH PHỐ HỒ CHÍ MINH

Abstract

Objective: To describe the clinical, laboratory characteristics, severity score according to the CLASI score, and disease activity score according to the SLEDAI-2K score of lupus erythematous in Vietnamese people. Methods: Case series of lupus erythematous patients who came for examination and treatment at Ho Chi Minh City Hospital of Dermato Venereology form March 2024 to September 2024. We collected patients’ history, laboratory results include: complete blood count, urinalysis, eGFR (estimate glomerural filtration rate), complement C3 and C4, dsDNA antibody, clinical examination and evaluation of lupus with CLASI and SLEDAI-2K score. Results: Totally 34 patients were recruited, mean age was 49,6 ± 11,2. Clinical characteristics of lupus patients: The average age of disease onset was 43.0 ± 13.7 years. Systemic lupus accounted for 50%, followed by chronic cutaneous lupus at 32.4%, acute cutaneous lupus at 11.8%, and subacute cutaneous lupus at 5.9%. Laboratory characteristics: A complete blood count showed 17.6% of patients had anemia, 5.9% had thrombocytopenia, and 8.8% had leukopenia. Urinalysis revealed 20.6% of patients had hematuria, 20.6% had leukocyturia, and 11.8% had proteinuria. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) showed 29.4% of patients had normal eGFR (G1 stage), 47.1% had mildly decreased eGFR (G2 stage), and 23.5% had moderately to mildly decreased eGFR (G3a stage). Complement levels, 20.6% had decreased C3, 14.7% had decreased C4, and 44.1% tested positive for anti-dsDNA antibodies. The mean CLASI score was 8.2 ± 5.9, and the mean SLEDAI-2K score was 8.26 ± 5.20. Conclusion: The study describes clinical and laboratory characteristics as well as disease activity and severity on the CLASI and SLEDAI-2K scores in patients with lupus erythematosus, paving the way for larger future research.