MỐI LIÊN QUAN GIỮA CÁC YẾU TỐ NGUY CƠ VÀ TÁI PHÁT CỦA U NGUYÊN BÀO NUÔI SAU 2 NĂM TẠI BỆNH VIỆN TỪ DŨ

Abstract

Background: Vietnam is located in an endemic region with a high incidence of gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD). The two main treatment methods for gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) are chemotherapy and radical surgery. A 2016 study by author Vu Ba Quyet reported that 12% of GTN patients experienced relapse after receiving full treatment and being cured¹. Despite the current treatment regimens having a high success rate, there are still cases of patients experiencing recurrence. In this study, we focus on examining the relationship between risk factors and the recurrence rate of GTN. Objective: To determine the relationship between risk factors and the recurrence rate of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) after 2 years at Tu Du Hospital. Methods: A case-control study was conducted on 176 patients with gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) who had been successfully treated between 2017 and 2021 at Tu Du Hospital, with no accompanying cancers. The study included 44 patients who met the criteria for recurrence within 2 years and 132 patients who did not experience recurrence within 2 years. Results: The group of patients from other provinces had a lower risk of recurrence, OR = 0.11. The group of patients who had given birth once had a higher risk of recurrence, OR = 6.08. The time from pregnancy to GTN diagnosis in the group between 4 to 6 months was associated with a higher risk of recurrence, OR = 24.87. Patients with ultrasound images showing signs of uterine muscle invasion had a higher risk of recurrence, OR = 33.96. The group of patients who received at least two consolidation cycles after β-hCG became negative had a lower risk of recurrence, OR = 0.06. The average time to recurrence in the study was 12.95 ± 0.88 months. Conclusion: By identifying the key risk factors related to recurrence, the results of this study can be used to develop or improve clinical guidelines for the treatment and management of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) patients at medical facilities. This will help reduce long-term treatment costs for both patients and the healthcare system, while also improving the quality of life for patients by minimizing complications and increasing survival rates.