ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG VÀ CẬN LÂM SÀNG CỦA BỆNH THOÁI HOÁ DẠNG BỘT TẠI BỆNH VIỆN DA LIỄU TRUNG ƯƠNG

Abstract

Objectives: To describe the clinical and subclinical characteristics of cutaneous amyloidosis at the National Hospital of Dermatology. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 141 patients with cutaneous amyloidosis at the National Hospital of Dermatology and Venereology from August 2023 to July 2024. Outcomes included age, gender, duration of disease, location of lesions, type of lesions, area of ​​lesions, clinical symptoms, dermoscopy and histopathological characteristics. Results: Patients had an average age of 48,0±14,7 years, of whom 58,9% were women. The average duration of disease was 58,9±49,2 months. 85.1% of patients had a lesion area of ​​less than 10%. The most common locations of lesions were the extensor surface of the lower leg (85.1%) and forearm (67.4%).  73,0% of patients had pruritus, of which the majority were moderate (42,7%) and severe (35,0%). The mean quality of life score was 14.7±3.6. Lesions were mainly papules (81.6%) and macules (62,4%), with only 9.9% of patient having nodular lesions. The most common features on dermoscopy were brown spots (95.7%) and pattern with brown centers (91.5%). The most common epidermal change was diffuse basal layer hyperpigmentation (91.5%), followed by hyperkeratosis (90.8%) and acanthosis (78.7%), respectively. The most common dermal change was amyloid deposition in the papillary dermis (100%), and the least common was perivascular amyloid deposition (7.8%). Conclusion: Cutaneous amyloidosis occurs mainly in women, over 30 years old with itchy macules and papules on the extensor surfaces of the limbs. Common dermscopy features are brown spots and pattern with brown centers. Common histopathological features are amyloid deposition in the dermal papilla, diffuse hyperpigmentation of the basal layer and epidermal proliferation.