KHẢO SÁT BỆNH LÝ TIM MẠCH Ở BỆNH NHÂN ĐỢT CẤP COPD ĐIỀU TRỊ TẠI TRUNG TÂM Y TẾ HUYỆN XUÂN LỘC NĂM 2023

Abstract

Research objective: To determine the prevalence of common cardiovascular diseases during acute episodes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). To assess the relationship between cardiovascular diseases and the severity of symptoms and history of acute episodes in COPD. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted. Secondary data were collected from previous medical records, and primary data were collected from January 2023 to October 2023. Results: The highest prevalence of COPD was observed in the age group 61-70 years, accounting for 27.1%. The prevalence of COPD increased with age from 50 years and older. The number of male patients was significantly higher than that of female patients, being 4.4 times greater. Among COPD patients, 26 individuals (32.1%) were classified as having low weight (underweight). The highest percentage of patients had normal weight (48.1%), while overweight and obese patients were the least represented. This study found that COPD patients with concomitant hypertension had the highest prevalence at 74.1%, followed by those with coronary artery disease at 67.9%. Heart failure and arrhythmia were less common, accounting for 7.4% and 1.2%, respectively. The percentage of patients at high risk of acute episodes was higher than that of patients at low risk. COPD patients with more symptoms accounted for 55.6%, compared to 44.4% with fewer symptoms. Overall, COPD patients with concomitant cardiovascular disease had a higher risk of acute exacerbations. However, only hypertension and coronary artery disease were statistically significant (p < 0.1). Cardiovascular diseases made COPD exacerbations more symptomatic, with only the relationships between COPD and hypertension and coronary artery disease being statistically significant. Conclusion: During the acute phase of COPD, concomitant cardiovascular diseases included hypertension (74.1%), coronary artery disease (67.9%), heart failure (7.4%), and arrhythmia (1.2%). Hypertension and coronary artery disease were associated with increased severity of the acute phase and made the acute phase more symptomatic (p < 0.1). These findings highlight the importance of understanding the relationship between COPD and cardiovascular disease. They emphasize the need for screening, early recognition, assessment, and appropriate treatment of cardiovascular diseases, considering the interaction between medications and various pathological manifestations to improve clinical outcomes in COPD patients.