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OUTCOMES OF SURGICAL TREATMENT FOR PATIENTS WITH RECTAL MESENCHYMAL TUMORS AT VIETDUC HOSPITAL PERIOD OF 2015- 2021
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Abstract
Background: Rectal mesenchymal tumors are a rare subset of gastrointestinal cancers, accounting for less than 5% of all gastrointestinal cancers. Clinical and paraclinical manifestations, treatment and prognosis of these tumors are different from epithelial tumors. Methods: A retrospective descriptive study was conducted on 30 patients with rectal mesenchymal tumors who underwent surgery at Viet Duc Hospital between January 2015 and December 2021. Results: Among the 30 patients, 43.3% were female and 56.7% were male, with an average age of 58.9 years (ranging from 32 to 79 years). Tumor types identified were: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST): 19 cases (63.3%), Malignant melanoma: 9 cases (30%), Malignant leiomyosarcoma: 2 cases (6.7%). Symptoms of the disease are diverse and abundant, the most common is bloody stools. Surgical methods used: Local excision via the anus: 15 cases (50%), Rectal amputation: 6 cases (20%), cut the rectal segment immediately: 8 cases (26,7%), create an artificial anus on the tumor 1 cases (3,3%). Early Results: There were 5 cases of wound infection, accounting for 16,67% of complications, all occurring after open rectal resection. Long-term Results: Follow-up was successful for 28/30 patients. Survival rates after 5 years were: GIST: 16/17 patients (94.1%), Malignant melanoma: 5/9 patients (55.6%), Malignant leiomyosarcoma: 2/2 patients (100%) There were 6 deaths due to recurrence or metastasis (21.4%), and no deaths from other causes. Conclusion: Rectal mesenchymal tumors often have no specific clinical or paraclinical manifestations. The tumors are mainly Gist (63.33%), melanoma (30%). The surgical treatment of rectal mesenchymal tumors at Viet Duc Hospital has shown promising initial results, particularly with minimally invasive techniques. However, variations in survival rates among different tumor types suggest the need for further follow-up and larger studies to confirm long-term outcomes.
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Keywords
surgical treatment, mesenchymal tumors, rectal.
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