ĐÁNH GIÁ TÌNH TRẠNG DI CĂN HẠCH VÀ MỘT SỐ YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN CỦA BỆNH NHÂN UNG THƯ THỰC QUẢN ĐƯỢC PHẪU THUẬT

Abstract

Objectives: (1) evaluate the status of lymph node metastasis in patients with esophageal cancer who underwent surgery at Bach Mai Hospital from 2020 to 2024; (2) assess some factors related to the rate of lymph node metastasis in esophageal cancer patients. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study of 65 cases diagnosed with esophageal cancer who underwent surgery at Bach Mai Hospital from 2020 to 2024. Results: The average age of the patients was 57.5 ± 8.18 years, with 64 males, accounting for 98.5% of the patients, the male-to-female ratio was 64:1. In our study, 40 patients (61.5%) had a histopathological diagnosis of non-keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma. Among the tumors, 28 patients (43.1%) were classified as early-stage (Tis and T1), while 33 patients (50.8%) were in stage T3. Tumors measuring less than 3 cm accounted for 58.5% of cases. The rate of lymph node metastasis was 38.5%, with 25 out of 65 patients affected. The highest rate of lymph node metastasis was observed in stage N1, at 20% (13/65 patients), while stage N3 had the lowest rate, at 3.1% (2/65 patients). The status of lymph node metastasis in patients with esophageal cancer without distant metastasis was found to be dependent on factors such as tumor size, tumor stage, and lymphatic and neural invasion, with p < 0.05. Conclusion: The rate of lymph node metastasis in esophageal cancer was 38.5%, and this rate depended on some factors including tumor size, stage, and the degree of lymphatic and nerve invasion.