NGHIÊN CỨU MỘT SỐ BIẾN CHỨNG TRÊN BỆNH NHI Β-THALASSEMIA THỂ NẶNG VÀ Β-THALASSEMIA/HBE TẠI VIỆN HUYẾT HỌC - TRUYỀN MÁU TRUNG ƯƠNG

Abstract

Objectives: Describe the complications in children with β-thalassemia major and β-thalassemia/ HbE at the National Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion for the period of 2023 - 2024. Method: The cross –sectional study. Subjects: 311 patients with β-thalassemia major and 311 β-thalassemia/ HbE patients, who were treated at the National Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion from 7/2023-7/2024. Results: Prevalence of patients with complications in β-thalassemia major group was higher than in β-thalassemia/ HbE group. 65,9% β-thalassemia major had skull deformation, 46,9% β-thalassemia/ HbE had this complication. Rate of fracture complication in the two patient groups was equal (12,9% and 12,5%). Heart failure complications were 10,5% and 5% in β-thalassemia major and β-thalassemia/ HbE respectively. In terms of the height of age, the rates of moderate and heavy malnutrition in the β-thalassemia major patients were 29,6% and 26,7%, which were higher than in β-thalassemia/ HbE patients 24,1% and 20,3%. The percentage of heavy iron overload were 67,5% and 35% in groups of β-thalassemia major and β-thalassemia/ HbE respectively. The difference is statistically significant with p < 0.05.