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ANTI-TUBERCULOSIS DRUG RESISTANCE PATTERNS IN PATIENTS WITH PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS RESISTANT FIRST-LINE DRUGS IN BEN TRE PROVINCE
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Abstract
Background: Drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global health issue, contributing to rising incidence and mortality rates worldwide, in Vietnam and in Ben Tre. Currently, identifying the drug resistance profile is essential for improving the management of drug-resistant TB cases. Objectives: To evaluate the drug resistance phenotypes and associated factors in first-line drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) patients in Ben Tre. Materials and Methods: : 60 first-line drug-resistant tuberculosis were collected in Ben Tre in 2021-2024. GeneXpert testing confirmed Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Rifampicin resistance, while MGIT and drug susceptibility testing identified resistance to other first-line drugs: rifampicin (R), isoniazid (H), streptomycin (S), ethambutol (E). Results: The majority were male (86.7%), with an average age of 50.23±14.41. Multidrug-resistant patients accounted for the highest proportion at 68.3%, with the majority resistant to four drugs (RHZE). The proportion of patients with single drug resistance was 18.3%, and those with multidrug resistance accounted for 13.4%. Resistance rates for R, H, S, and E were 80%, 83.3%, 81.7%, and 45%, respectively. The rate of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in females was higher than in males (100% compared to 63.5%), with a statistically significant difference at p<0.05. Compared to the group over 60 years old, the age group 20-40 had a drug-resistant tuberculosis rate nearly 13 times higher, statistically significant at p<0.05. Conclusions: First-line drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis patients are commonly found among middle-aged men, and the drug resistance phenotype in Ben Tre shows a predominance of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, with the majority being resistant to four-drugs (RHSE). Females have a higher rate of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis than males, and the younger age group (20-40) has a significantly higher risk of developing multidrug-resistant tuberculosis
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Keywords
Tuberculosis, first-line drug-resistant tuberculosis, multidrug-resistant, Ben Tre.
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