ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG, CẬN LÂM SÀNG VÀ THỰC TRẠNG SỬ DỤNG THUỐC TRONG ĐIỀU TRỊ ALZHEIMER TẠI BỆNH VIỆN HỮU NGHỊ ĐA KHOA NGHỆ AN

Abstract

Object: Alzheimer's is the most common form of dementia. Research objective: to survey the clinical and paraclinical characteristics and the current status of drug use in treating Alzheimer's disease at Nghe An Friendship General Hospital. Research subjects and methods: All medical records of Alzheimer's patients treated inpatient and outpatient at Nghe An Friendship General Hospital from January 1, 2022, to December 31, 2023. Research results: The average age of the patients was 74.9 ± 9.9; females accounted for 56,8%. The preclinical stage accounted for the lowest percentage at 3.7%, while the dementia stage constituted the majority in the study at 80.2%. The most common comorbidity is hypertension, accounting for 41.9%. The most common clinical symptom of Alzheimer's disease in the study sample is memory loss (accounting for 40.7%). The average blood glucose level is 6.7 ± 2.7 mmol/L, and the average triglyceride level is 1.83 ± 1.39 mmol/L. The approved drugs for Alzheimer's disease treament include donepezil, galantamine, and choline alfoscerate, with 18 indications, accounting for only 11.2% of the study sample. The group of supportive drugs with the highest prescription rate is the group for headache and dizziness relief (37.0%) – among which N-acetyl-DL-leucine and betahistine are the most frequently prescribed drugs, with rates of 18.8% and 12.5% respectively. Conclusion: The age of the patients was 74.9 ± 9.9; females accounted for 56,8%; dementia was the most prevalent type in the study at 80.2%; baseline glucose and triglyceride levels exceeded normal ranges; the most common clinical symptom of alzheimer was memory loss. Donepezil, galantamine, and choline alfoscerate are the three drugs indicated for alzheimer’s treatment; N-acetyl-DL-leucine and betahistine are the most commonly prescribed supportive medications.