ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG, X-QUANG VÀ MÔ BỆNH HỌC TỔN THƯƠNG XƯƠNG – SỢI Ở XƯƠNG HÀM

Abstract

Background: Fibro-osseous lesions of the jaws are benign lesions characterized by the replacement of normal bone tissue with fibrous connective tissue and mineralized substances. A comprehensive understanding of the clinical, radiographic, and histopathological features of these lesions is crucial for accurate diagnosis and effective treatment. Objective: To describe the clinical, radiographic, and histopathological characteristics of fibro-osseous lesions of the jaws. Materials and Methods: A prospective, cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted at the National Hospital of Odonto-Stomatology in Ho Chi Minh City. The study included patients diagnosed with fibro-osseous lesions of the jaw who received treatment between January 2023 and August 2024. Results: The study consisted of 22 patients with fibrous dysplasia (FD) and 11 patients with ossifying fibroma (OF). The mean age at onset of the FD group (17.2±8.1 years) was lower than that of the OF group (25.3±12.3 years) (p<0,05). All patients presented with facial swelling; with nasal deviation being more frequent in the FD group than in the OF group (p<0,05). Radiographically, ground-glass opacity was the most common finding in FD, with poorly defined borders from the surrounding bone. In contrast, OF lesions typically exhibited well-defined borders, with radiolucent rims being more prevalent in OF than in FD (p<0,05). Histological examination revealed osteoblastic rimming to be more commonly associated with OF, while FD exhibited a predominantly immature trabecular bone pattern. Cementum-like material was present in nearly all OF cases but absent in FD (p<0,05). Conclusion: The accurate diagnosis and management of fibro-osseous lesions of the jaws require the integration of clinical, radiographic, and histopathological findings.